[Solved] Balarama and the Plough | Hindu Deity Iconography

Who among the following deities is represented in art as hoiding the plough?

[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]

⚡ Generate AI Quick Summary

Correct Option: B

Balarama is the deity traditionally represented holding a plough. Known as Halayudha, his iconic weapon symbolizes his connection to both war and agriculture.

A. Krishna

B. Balarama

C. Kartikeya

D. Maitreya

Analysis & Evidence

Concept

Each deity in Hindu iconography is associated with a specific 'Ayudha' (weapon) or attribute that reflects their mythological deeds or agrarian/cosmic significance.

Authentic Source Evidence

Balarama, the elder brother of Krishna, is traditionally called Halayudha (one who has a plough as a weapon). Art from the Kushan and Gupta periods consistently depicts him with a plough (Hala) and a pestle (Musala).

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: According to the Puranas, Balarama used his plough to change the course of the Yamuna River.

Logic 2: In early punch-marked and Indo-Greek coins (like those of Agathocles), he is identified by the plough in his hand.

Historical Logic Quest

"What is the agrarian significance of Balarama's plough?"

The plough symbolizes agriculture and fertility, positioning Balarama as a deity protecting and promoting the rural economy.

The Topper's Edge

"Balarama's depiction with a plough is one of the oldest stable iconographic forms in Indian art, predating many other major deities."

Analysing the UPSC previous year question paper is non-negotiable for serious aspirants. Thoroughly solving and analyzing these questions helps you decode the examiner's mindset, identify recurring historical themes, and build the analytical intuition needed to clear the exam. Practise UPSC PYQ here with interactive question sets to learn and sharpen your edge!