[Solved] What is Kalaripayattu? | UPSC Martial Arts Guide

With reference to India's culture and tradition, what is 'Kalaripayattu'?

[UPSC CSE Pre 2014]

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Correct Option: D

Kalaripayattu is an ancient martial art and living tradition from South India, specifically Kerala. It is regarded as one of the oldest combat systems in the world.

A. It is an ancient Bhakti cult of Shaivism still prevalent in some parts of South India

B. It is an ancient style bronze and brasswork still found in southern part of Coromandel area

C. It is an ancient form of dance-drama and a living tradition in the northern part of Malabar

D. It is an ancient martial art and a living tradition in some parts of South India

Analysis & Evidence

Concept

Kalaripayattu is considered one of the oldest surviving martial arts in the world, integrating combat training, physical exercise, and traditional medicine.

Authentic Source Evidence

Traditional ballads (Vadakkan Pattukal) of the Malabar region document the practice and ethical code of Kalaripayattu among the warrior communities of Kerala.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: It is a traditional martial art originating from Kerala. The word 'Kalari' means battlefield or gymnasium.

Logic 2: It involves both armed (sword, shield, spear) and unarmed combat techniques, along with a focus on 'Marmachikitsa' (vital point therapy).

Logic 3: It is a living tradition, still taught in schools (Kalaris) across Kerala and parts of Tamil Nadu.

Historical Logic Quest

"How is Kalaripayattu linked to Indian classical dance?"

Many movements and footwork in classical dances like Kathakali and Mohiniyattam are derived from the postures and exercises of Kalaripayattu.

The Topper's Edge

"Kalaripayattu is not just combat; it is a holistic system that includes a spiritual discipline and an indigenous system of medicine."

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