Which of the following are the reasons for the inclusion of emergency provisions in the Indian constitution? 1. To safeguard the sovereignty, unity, integrity and security of the country. 2. To vest wide powers to centre so as to handle special situations. 3. To prevent maladministration or corruption in the country. 4. To sort out intra-party problems of the ruling party. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer:

A. 1 and 2 only

Explanation:

Statement 1 is a primary reason: The provisions are meant to protect the nation's sovereignty and integrity during crises. Statement 2 is a primary reason: They enable the Central government to become all-powerful to effectively manage abnormal situations. Statements 3 and 4 are not the intended constitutional reasons for these provisions. President's Rule (Art. 356) can address a breakdown of constitutional machinery but 'maladministration' is too broad, and intra-party problems are political matters, not constitutional crises.