The Supreme court of India can declare certain laws/executive actions as unconstitutional under which of the following conditions? 1. If the law enacted by parliament violates a provision of the constitution. 2. Any laws that are against the federal provisions of the constitution. 3. Any legislative/executive actions that contravenes the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Answer:

A. 1 and 2 only

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: The Supreme Court can strike down any law that violates any provision of the Constitution, especially Fundamental Rights. Statement 2 is correct: Federalism is part of the basic structure, and any law against federal provisions can be declared unconstitutional. Statement 3 is incorrect: DPSPs are non-justiciable, meaning they are not enforceable by the courts. Therefore, a law cannot be declared unconstitutional solely for contravening a DPSP.