Option d is the correct answer Statement 1 is correct. The Jain socio-religious practices like regular fasting, practicing severe austerities and penances, the ritual death and rejection of God as the creator and operator of the universe can all be linked to the Jain theory of karma. Statement 2 is correct. Jains believe that there are an infinite number of souls in the universe - every living thing, no matter how primitive, is a jiva - and at any given time many of these jivas are not embodied. Statement 3 is correct. According to Jainism, Karma is the bane of the soul. Karma not only encompasses the causality of transmigration but it is also conceived as an extremely subtle matter which infiltrates the soul, obscuring its natural, transparent, pure qualities. Karma is thought of as a kind of pollution that taints the soul with various colors. Based on its karma, a soul undergoes transmigration and reincarnation in various states of existence like heavens or hells or as humans or animals.