Mughal painting reached its zenith under:
UPSC CSE Pre. 1996
A. Humayun
B. Akbar
C. Jahangir
D. Shah Jahan
Answer: Jahangir
Option c is the correct answer.
During the reign of Jahangir, Mughal painting achieved its pinnacle through a blend of Indian, Persian, and Islamic styles, originating from the synthesis of the Indian and Safavid Persian painting traditions. Jahangir's personal passion for art, particularly painting, catalyzed this creative flourishing, resulting in the liberation of Indian painting from foreign influences and a harmonious fusion of distinct styles. His affinity for depicting the natural world, including hunting scenes, birds, and flowers, enriched the artistic landscape, while the tradition of portraiture continued to thrive. Notable painters like Abul Hasan, Mansur, Bishan Das, Goverdhan, Balchand, Daulat, Mukhlis, Shim, and Inayat illuminated his court with their artistic brilliance.
Important Tips
Famous Painters in Jahangir's Court:
Ustad Mansur:
Ustad Mansur, a preeminent nature artist during Jahangir's court in the early 17 th century, was highly regarded for his scientific precision. His illustrations of flora and fauna were meticulously detailed and devoid of personal interpretation, offering both scientific accuracy and artistic excellence. His prowess led to the title "Nadir-ul-'Asr" (Miracle of the Age) bestowed upon him by the emperor. Tasked with documenting plants and animals, he accompanied Jahangir on journeys, creating a prolific body of work, including over 100 flower paintings during a Kashmir Valley expedition, as recounted in Jahangir's memoirs.
Bishandas:
Lauded by the emperor as unparalleled in portraiture, Bishandas earned distinction for his exceptional skills. In 1613, he embarked on a diplomatic venture to Persia, commissioned to paint the Shah's portrait. His sojourn in Persia spanned seven years, culminating in his return with a cherished gift - an elephant, symbolizing the successful completion of his mission.