Option c is the correct answer. Statement 1 is correct: The Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves constitute a complex featuring a combination of naturally formed and artificially carved caves. These caves were utilized as dwelling spaces by Jain monks and exhibit intricate carvings and sculptures. Statement 2 is correct: Udayagiri means "Sunrise Hill" and has 18 caves while Khandagiri has 15 caves. The caves of Udayagiri and Khandagiri, called lena in the inscriptions, these were taken out mostly during the reign of Kharavela for the abode of Jain ascetics. Statement 3 is incorrect: Udayagiri caves and not Khandagiri caves are famous for Hathigumpha inscription which is carved out in Brahmi script. It narrates the achievements of King Kharavela of the Kalinga dynasty and provides valuable insights into the social, political, and cultural aspects of ancient India. Important Tips Khandagiri Caves - Features: These caves were renovated during the reign of Uddyotakeshari of the Somvanshi dynasty. Barabhuji Gumpha features Sasana Devis and Tirthankar sculptures. Trushula Gumpha showcases Jain Teerthankars, notably Rishab Dev. Ambika Gumpha displays Yaksha and Yakshini of Tirthankars. Totowa Gumpha 1 and 2 are beautifully adorned, featuring guards, animals, and parrot-carved arches. Cave 3 of Ananta Gumpha showcases sculptures of women, elephants, athletes, and geese. Khandagiri Gumpha is a two-story cave with a roughcut entrance. Lalatendu Kesari Gumpha (Caves 6-11) has reliefs of Jain tirthankars. Cave 14, also Ekadasi Gumpha, is a basic cell. Udayagiri Caves - Features: Udayagiri, the "Hill of the Rising Sun," is an underexplored Buddhist site. These rock-cut caves near Bhubaneswar were built around the 2nd century BC by King Kharavela of the Meghavahana dynasty. Originally 117, only 33 caves remain; Udayagiri has 18 caves, while Khandagiri has 15. The Udayagiri Stupa is important for studying Vajrayana Buddhism. Notable artifacts include Buddha, Tara, Manjusri, Avalokitesvara, and terracotta seals. Jain monks occupied caves on the Kumari mountain range. Ganesh Gumpha is famous for Jain Tirthankara and other sculptures. Rani Gumpha, a double-storeyed monastery, is renowned for its acoustics. Hathigumpha has inscriptions detailing King Kharavela's conquests and leadership.