Option a is the correct answer. The First Jain Council was held in Pataliputra (modern Patna, Bihar, India) in the 300 BCE. It was convened by Sthulabhadra, a Jain monk, and was attended by over 500 monks. The council was held to compile the Jain scriptures, which had been passed down orally for generations. The council also standardized the Jain monastic code of conduct. Important Tips First Jain Council - Pataliputra Around 300 BC , a huge famine happened in the southern part of Bihar after Chandragupta Maurya's time. The first Jain council occurred about 160 years after Mahavira's passing in Pataliputra, which is Bihar today. It was guided by Sthulabhadra. This council divided Jainism into two groups: Svetambara and Digambara. Bhadrabahu, the last leader of united Jains and the Digambara group, along with his followers, moved to Shravanabelagola in Karnataka to escape hunger. Sthulabhadra, the founder of the Svetambara group, and his followers stayed in Magadha. At this council, Mahavira's teachings were categorized into twelve Angas. However, one of them, Drstivada, was lost due to the famine. Jainism then divided into Svetambara and Digambara groups. Sthulabhadra led Svetambara, while Bhadrabahu led Digambara. Vallabhi and Mathura Second Jain Council - Vallabhi and Mathura The second council took place in two places at once: Vallabhi, Gujarat, and Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. Devaradhi Kshama Ramana presided over the council in Vallabhi, with the goal of collecting sacred texts. This second council happened in 512 AD , focusing on compiling the twelve Angas and Upangas. Vallabhi Third Jain Council - Vallabhi Also known as the Vallabhi council II, this is the third Jain council. Svetambara monks gathered in Vallabhi, now in Gujarat. Devarddhigani Kshamashramana led this council. The main aim was to reduce the content in religious texts (Agamas). Held in 453 or 456 CE, over 500 Jain leaders attended this council.