Option a is the correct answer. The first Empire in India was established by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BCE. He founded the Maurya Empire, which was a significant historical power in South Asia based in Magadha. With the guidance of Chanakya, he overthrew the Nanda Empire and expanded his rule across central and western India. The Maurya Empire thrived in trade, agriculture, and administration, and was known for its cultural and architectural achievements. Important Tips Chandragupta Maurya (322-298 B.C): Founder of Mauryan Empire: Chandragupta Maurya established the Mauryan Empire. Conquest of Northwest: Soon after Alexander's departure in 325 B.C., Chandragupta conquered Greek-ruled regions in the northwest with strategist Chanakya's help. Eastern Expansion: Chandragupta moved east, defeating Magadha's king Dhana Nanda in 321 B.C. to lay the foundation of the Mauryan Dynasty. Treaty with Seleucus Nicator: Following the SeleucidMauryan war (305-303 B.C.), Chandragupta acquired territories including Balochistan and Afghanistan. He married Seleucus Nicator's daughter and exchanged war assets. Greek Influence: Greek historians like Megasthenes resided in his court. Expansionary Goal: Chandragupta aimed to extend Mauryan rule throughout India, having acquired most of the Indian territory except Kalinga and southern regions. Reign and Legacy: Chandragupta's rule lasted from 321 B.C. to 297 B.C. He abdicated in favor of his son Bindusara and adopted Jain Sallekhana practice, fasting until death.